| Adverse drug reactions(ADRs) is one of the problems occurred during patient care and it can lead to a loss in patient health status and loss in cost for economics. Objectives: To determine the incidence of adverse drug reactionsfor systemic antibiotics used in a local hospital from 1st January – 31st December, 2015. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted and data were obtained from patients’ computerized database in the hospital. Patient collecting sheet was used to collect data while Naranjo’s algorithm was used to identify the likelihood of antibiotic injections causing ADRs. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results:It was revealed thatthere were 10,121 patients receiving antibiotic injections and 57 patients developed ADR. The incidence of ADRs was 563.19 per 100,000 patients. Of those 57 cases, ADRs were categorized by each class of antibiotics. The results showed that those reactions were found in Cephalosporins 61.40%(35 cases),Penicillins 14.04% (8 cases),Fluoroquinolone7.02% (4 cases) andMacrolides 7.02% (4 cases). Moreover, it was found that ADRs were commonly reported in skin 80.70% (46 cases), cardiovascular system 7.02% (4 cases). In terms of severity, ADRs were reported as non-serious 80.70% (46 cases); increase the duration of treatment 14.03% (8 cases), disability 3.51% (2 cases) and fatal 1.75% (1case). Additionally, the likelihood of a relation between antibiotic and ADRs was determined and revealed that 15.79% (9 cases) was “possible” and 84.21% (48cases) was “probable”. Conclusion:The results indicated that Cephalosporinsshowed the highest incidence of ADRs comparing to others. Therefore, high vigilance and inspection system for adverse reactions is highly important to decrease any loss to the patients. |